Challenges and Recent Advances in Sustainable Oil and Gas Recovery and Transportation delivers a critical tool for today’s petroleum and reservoir engineers to learn the latest research in EOR and solutions toward more SDG-supported practices. Packed with methods and case studies, the reference starts with the latest advances such as EOR with polymers and EOR with CCS. Advances in shale recovery and methane production are also covered before layering on sustainability methods on critical topics such as oilfield produced water. Supported by a diverse group of contributors, this book gives engineers a go-to source for the future of oil and gas. The oil and gas industry are utilizing enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods frequently, but the industry is also tasked with making more sustainable decisions in their future operations. Provides the latest advances in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), including EOR with polymers, EOR with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), and hybrid EOR approaches Teaches options in recovery and transport, such as shale recovery and methane production from gas hydrate reservoirs Includes sustainability methods such as biological souring and oil field produced water solutions
This volume describes and evaluates the major current research developments in the ocean sciences. Annotation. This volume presents the people, technology, and discoveries that mark the highlights of oceanography. Designed for the popular reader or the beginning undergraduate, the text contains accessible descriptions of the science, including a chapter that highlights major problems and questions and a chronology of recent investigations. Much of the volume provides practical information about oceanography as a career, with short biographies of 35 oceanographers (all are in the US), statistics on careers and research and development, and descriptions of professional organizations and journals.
Microbes and Microbial Biotechnology for Green Remediation provides a comprehensive account of sustainable microbial treatment technologies. The research presented highlights the significantly important microbial species involved in remediation, the mechanisms of remediation by various microbes, and suggestions for future improvement of bioremediation technology. The introduction of contaminants, due to rapid urbanization and anthropogenic activities, into the environment causes unsteadiness and distress to the physicochemical systems, including living organisms. Hence, there is an immediate global demand for the diminution of such contaminants and xenobiotics which can otherwise adversely affect the living organisms. Over time, microbial remediation processes have been accelerated to produce better, eco-friendlier, and more biodegradable products for complete dissemination of these xenobiotic compounds. The advancements in microbiology and biotechnology lead to the launch of microbial biotechnology as a separate area of research and contributed dramatically to the development of the areas such as agriculture, environment, biopharmaceutics, and fermented foods. Microbes stand as an imperative, efficient, green, and economical alternative to conventional treatment technologies. The proposed book provides cost-effective and sustainable alternatives. This book serves as a reference for graduate and postgraduate students in environmental biotechnology and microbiology as well as researchers and scientists working in the laboratories and industries involved in research related to microbiology, environmental biotechnology, and allied research. Discusses important microbial activities, such as biofertilizer, biocontrol, biosorption, biochar, biofilm, biodegradation, bioremediation, bioclogging, and quorum sensing Covers all the advanced microbial bioremediation techniques which are finding their way from the laboratory to the field for revival of the degraded agro-ecosystems Examines the role of bacteria, fungi, microalgae, Bacillus sp., Prosopis juliflora, Deinococcus radiodurans, Pseudomonas, methanotrophs, siderophores, and PGPRs as the biocontrol and green remediator agents for soil sustainability
This book is based on advanced combustion technologies currently employed in internal combustion engines. It discusses different strategies for improving conventional diesel combustion. The volume includes chapters on low-temperature combustion techniques of compression-ignition engines which results in significant reduction of NOx and soot emissions. The content also highlights newly evolved gasoline compression technology and optical techniques in advanced gasoline direct injection engines. the research and its outcomes presented here highlight advancements in combustion technologies, analysing various issues related to in-cylinder combustion, pollutant formation and alternative fuels. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine combustion research.
This is the first book in the petroleum sector that sheds light on the real obstacles to sustainable development and provides solutions to each problem encountered. Each solution is complete with an economic analysis that clarifies why petroleum operations can continue with even greater profit than before while ensuring that the negative environmental impact is diminished. The new screening tools and models proposed in this book will provide one with proper guidelines to achieve true sustainability in both technology development and management of the petroleum sector.
Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials provides a comprehensive overview, covering research and development on all aspects of renewable, recyclable and sustainable materials. The use of renewable and sustainable materials in building construction, the automotive sector, energy, textiles and others can create markets for agricultural products and additional revenue streams for farmers, as well as significantly reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, manufacturing energy requirements, manufacturing costs and waste. This book provides researchers, students and professionals in materials science and engineering with tactics and information as they face increasingly complex challenges around the development, selection and use of construction and manufacturing materials. Covers a broad range of topics not available elsewhere in one resource Arranged thematically for ease of navigation Discusses key features on processing, use, application and the environmental benefits of renewable and sustainable materials Contains a special focus on sustainability that will lead to the reduction of carbon emissions and enhance protection of the natural environment with regard to sustainable materials
This volume advances the state-of-the-art in the study of the interplay among financial crises, poverty dynamics and environmental sustainability. It offers timely and unique contributions to the immediate global challenge of sustainable development. Developing a new evidence-base, the volume offers concrete recommendations for policy action needed in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in relation to environment and poverty during the current conditions of financial distress. The approach taken is inductive and evidence-driven. Most analysis is based on in-depth case studies that aim to offer a detailed and dynamic picture on how poverty and environmental sustainability interact in specific social contexts and financial crises. In this way the volume aims to generate a wealth of new and concrete evidence that offer a solid foundation to understand the multiple channels through which social and environmental factors interact, and the ways in which this interaction can and should be managed in order to achieve the needed global transition to sustainability. Broader dynamics that are covered and analysed include the historical legacies of structural adjustment and colonialism; the current debt wave experienced in developing countries; the role of inequality; the significant impact that climate change has on livelihoods and on meeting the SDGs; the new challenge presented by the Covid-19 pandemic for the SDGs; the challenge of sustainable funding for SDGs; and the need for a new eco-social contract. Case-studies examined include Cambodia, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Zambia, and subregions such as the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa and Lower Mekong Countries. The volume is part of a joint initiative by the ‘Sussex Sustainability Research Programme (SSRP)’ of the University of Sussex, the ‘UNDP-UNEP Poverty-Environment Action for Sustainable Development Goals’ and the ‘United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)’. The overall aim is to advance a new research programme and foster a better understanding of the multiple, complex and often opposing ways through which the punctuated economic slowdown of financial crises, poverty dynamics and environmental sustainability interact. It also makes novel recommendations into how poverty reduction and environment can work in synergy rather than being antagonistic, especially during financial distress, leading into recommendations directly geared towards achieving the SDGs and beyond.
This book focuses on digital institutions and the advanced technologies used on their basis, as well as their contribution to sustainable development in the unity of seventeen SDGs formulated by the UN, which is sequentially disclosed in six parts of the book. This book is dedicated to comprehensive coverage of the role of the digital economy in sustainable development and the offering of a set of scientific, methodological, and practical recommendations to increase the scale and effectiveness of this role. The first part explores the training of digital personnel for sustainable development, the second part reveals the regional features of Russia, and the third part describes the industry specifics of using digital technologies in entrepreneurship in support of sustainable development. The fourth part deals with financial, organizational, and managerial issues of using digital technologies in entrepreneurship in support of sustainable development, the fifth part is devoted to security, international factors, and risks, and the sixth part deals with the legal framework and state regulation of digital technologies and sustainable development institutions. The novelty of the book lies in its reliance on an institutional approach that allows rethinking and systematically studying the contribution of the digital economy to sustainable development. The book is aimed at scholars who will find in it an institutional understanding of the digital economy’s support for sustainable development and ways to improve it. The secondary target audience of the book is the subject of managing the sustainable development of the digital economy. For them, the book contains relevant and illustrative examples from practice and applied recommendations.
The word 'sustainability' is frequently misunderstood because there are numerous definitions of sustainability and not even two definitions have converging meanings. Instead of achieving 'sustainability', some of the sustainable development projects aggravate ecological and other problems, as painfully evidenced in numerous experimental projects. This book attempts to improve our understanding of what it means to be sustainable by exploring several different sustainability projects and techniques.
When the pandemic struck, family, education, and the economy all took a hit in terms of maintaining structural relationships. Even before the Pandemic, India's socio-cultural system had been facing numerous difficulties and changes as a result of political and economic forces, Corona. Religion, the economy, and the political system have all played important roles in changing the social structure. Nutrition is also a significant concern. Nutrition is a science that is engaged in the prevention and treatment of a wide range of infectious and non-infectious disorders. A well-balanced diet aids in the improvement of general public immunity and, as a result, aids in the prevention of infection. During covid -19 infection, there are numerous illness conditions or comorbidities that present a significant problem. As a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, our society has undergone a rapid and deep digital transition. The epidemic prompted us to make a historic digital shift in our daily lives and activities, including our children's educational transfer from traditional to digital classroom practise. COVID-19 has the potential to alter the education system, affecting teaching/learning, research/innovation, community service/engagement, and the experience of staff and students. Domestic violence, on the other hand, is an age-old social tragedy that has long been kept from society's gaze. Domestic abuse affects people from all walks of life, regardless of their social, economic, religious, or cultural backgrounds. Threats, name-calling, preventing communication with family or friends, withholding money, actual or threatened physical harm, and sexual assault are just some of the behaviours that might be used. In the agricultural industry, an estimated 10 million migrant workers returned to their home countries in 2020, following the enforcement of the lockdown. Agriculture and related sectors grew by 3.4 percent in 2020-21, despite the fact that global economic growth slowed to -7.2 percent. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the food supply mechanisms were thrown off. As a result, the farming community as well as the economy's most vulnerable sectors are impacted. The government, NGOs, and individuals have discovered that they can have a significant impact on the environment. Our government is always emphasising the need of drinking pure water, especially during this pandemic. But we are lacking in drinking water supply to all areas. Pure drinking water is a solution for keeping ourselves away from infectious diseases. This pandemic epidemic has had several negative consequences, including as an increase in medical waste, disinfectants, and the use of masks and gloves damaging the environment. In order to keep our ecosystem sustainable, suitable guidelines and planned measures must be applied to combat the epidemic and maintain environmental harmony. Covid-19's current predicament has thrown the world's socio-cultural structure, as well as its work culture, into disarray. The sanitary, safety, and health procedures have beyond any local culture's norms. To protect the world from the extremely infectious coronavirus, a new global culture has arisen. The use of facemasks, hand gloves, and hand sanitizers, as well as physical separation, has become the new normal. The present situation has given thrust to the virtual world and various steps have been taken by the government to increase the contactless experience.
Provides the reader with a bird's eye view of the world's energy system and its vulnerabilities, and delves into the various approaches that selected producers, consumers and transit states have toward energy security. Examines the domestic and foreign policy tradeoffs required to ensure safe and affordable energy supplies, explains the various pathways to energy security and the tradeoffs among them, and demonstrates how all of these factors can be integrated in a larger foreign and domestic policy framework.
Advances in Synthesis Gas: Methods, Technologies and Applications: Syngas Production and Preparation is a collection of various chapters concerning many aspects of syngas production technologies, including common methods like gasification, steam/dry/autothermal reforming, membrane technology, etc., along with novel methods like plasma technology, micro-reactors, electrolysis processes as well as photocatalytic systems. In addition, different sources for producing syngas, including oil, crude oil, heavy oil, microalgae, black liquor, tar and bitumen, as well as municipal, agricultural, food, plastic, wood and cardboard wastes are described in detail. Introduces syngas characteristics and its properties Describes various methods and technologies for producing syngas Discusses syngas production from different roots and feedstocks
