The term scienti?c inquiry as manifest in different educational settings covers a wide range of diverse activities. The differences in types of scienti?c inquiry can be organized along a continuum according to the degree of teacher control and intellectual sophistication involved in each type of inquiry. Types of scienti?c inquiry can also be de?ned according to whether they produce cultural knowledge or personal knowledge. Authentic scienti?c inquiry is de?ned according to ?ve characteristics: devel- ment of personal and cultural knowledge; contextualized scienti?c knowledge; the progression toward high-order problem solving; social interaction for s- enti?c goals; and scienti?c inquiry as a multi-stage and multi-representational process. The de?nition of scienti?c inquiry that forms the basis for the development of an assessment program consists of a two-part analytical frame: the de?nition of knowledge types relevant to scienti?c inquiry and the de?nition of an organi- tional frame for these knowledge types. Four types of knowledge are signi?cant for the de?nition of a speci?c s- enti?c inquiry program: cognitive knowledge, physical knowledge, represen- tional knowledge, and presentational knowledge. All four of these knowledge types are considered signi?cant. These four types of knowledge are organized in a framework that consists of two intersecting axes: the axis of knowledge types and the axis of stages of a s- ci?c scienti?c inquiry. This framework describes scienti?c inquiry as multi-stage process that involves the development of a series of in-lab outcomes (represen- tions) over an extended period of time.
There exists a wealth of information about inquiry and about science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), but current research lacks meaningfully written, thoughtful applications of both topics.Cases on Inquiry through Instructional Technology in Math and Science represents the work of many authors toward meaningful discourse of inquiry used in STEM teaching. This book presents insightful information to teachers and teacher education candidates about using inquiry in the real classroom, case studies from which research suggests appropriate uses, and tangible direction for creating their own inquiry based STEM activities. Sections take the reader logically through the meaning of inquiry in STEM teaching, how to use technology in modern classrooms, STEM projects which successfully integrate inquiry methodology, and inquiry problem solving within STEM classrooms with the aim of creating activities and models useful for real-world classrooms.
Scientific Writing in a Second Language investigates and aims to alleviate the barriers to the publication of scientific research articles experienced by scientists who use English as a second language. David Ian Hanauer and Karen Englander provide a comprehensive meta-synthesis of what is currently known about the phenomenon of second language scientific publication and the ways in which this issue has been addressed.
This book is a definitive, comprehensive understanding to social science research methodology. It covers both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The book covers the entire research process, beginning with the conception of the research problem to publication of findings. The text combines theory and practical application to familiarize the reader with the logic of research design, the logic and techniques of data analysis, and the fundamentals and implications of various data collection techniques. Organized in seven sections and easy to read chapters, the text emphasizes the importance of clearly defined research questions and well-constructed practical explanations and illustrations. A key contribution to the methodology literature, the book is an authoritative resource for policymakers, practitioners, graduate and advanced research students, and educators in all social science disciplines.
This edited book is an introduction to the interdisciplinary field of applied linguistics/literacies studies in STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). It brings together a host of experts involved in actual research projects on STEM practice and education. The book presents a range of projects covering the areas of science, engineering, and mathematics and provides a conceptualization of the concepts and methodologies that underpin these projects. A range of epistemologies, approaches, and methodologies including discourse/conversation analysis, ethnographic/content analysis and text linguistic analysis is exemplified and explained in relation to specific interdisciplinary studies in STEM. This book provides a much-needed introduction to the ways in which applied linguists can work in the areas of STEM and the ways in which function in these professions and academic disciplines can benefit from the research and educational knowledge of applied linguists.
The modern knowledge-based economic model demands highly qualified specialists who are capable of solving complex problems and seeing relationships between phenomena, events, and objects. This book highlights the development of the structural knowledge of university students as a necessary precondition for preparing labour market experts, as it facilitates significant cognitive processes, effective problem solving and expert-level performance. The volume considers structural knowledge as an object that should be regularly assessed and further developed in the formative assessment process by using concept mapping as an assessment instrument. It describes concept mapping, the theoretical foundations of structural knowledge, and its formative assessment, and provides a set of practical scenarios validated in instructional practice. It is intended primarily for the administrative and educational staff of higher education institutions who wish to improve the quality of education with the aim of bringing students’ structural knowledge closer to experts’ knowledge, and thus ensuring better preparation of students for their professional activities.
This first major reference work dedicated to the mannifold industrial and medical applications of bacteriophages provides both theoretical and practical insights into the emerging field of bacteriophage biotechnology. The book introduces to bacteriophage biology, ecology and history and reviews the latest technologies and tools in bacteriophage detection, strain optimization and nanotechnology. Usage of bacteriophages in food safety, agriculture, and different therapeutic areas is discussed in detail. This book serves as essential guide for researchers in applied microbiology, biotechnology and medicine coming from both academia and industry.
Many projects in recent years have applied context-based learning and engagement tools to the fostering of long-term student engagement with chemistry. While empirical evidence shows the positive effects of context-based learning approaches on students’ interest, the long-term effects on student engagement have not been sufficiently highlighted up to now. Edited by respected chemistry education researchers, and with contributions from practitioners across the world, Engaging Learners with Chemistry sets out the approaches that have been successfully tested and implemented according to different criteria, including informative, interactive, and participatory engagement, while also considering citizenship and career perspectives. Bringing together the latest research in one volume, this book will be useful for chemistry teachers, researchers in chemistry education and professionals in the chemical industry seeking to attract students to careers in the chemical sector.
"Elegantly written, convincingly argued, and interspersed with hauntingly beautiful and poignant poems written by his ESL students, Hanauer's book draws attention to the unexplored potential of poetry writing in a second language classroom." Aneta Pavelenko, Temple University --
The majority of adult learners are looking to attain their desired academic credentials within the shortest amount of time possible. By implementing competency-based programs, learners are accelerated through their designed program or course. The Handbook of Research on Competency-Based Education in University Settings is a pivotal reference source for the latest academic research on the use of competency-based testing in higher education institutions. Focusing on innovative practices, strategies, and real-world scenarios, this book is ideally designed for educators, students, administrators, professionals, and academics interested in emerging developments for competency-based education initiatives.
A comprehensive collection of perspectives by experts in mycobacterial molecular biology Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes one in four avoidable deaths in the developing world and kills more adults than malaria, AIDS, and all tropical diseases combined. Tuberculosis was named a global health emergency by the World Health Organization, a distinction no other disease has received. Although the study of mycobacterial genetics has expanded dramatically, with new investigations into mycobacterial growth, replication, metabolism, physiology, drug susceptibility, and virulence, most of the problems in tuberculosis control that existed in 2000 remain today. Advances in our understanding of mycobacterial genetics have been reflected in exciting recent developments. New diagnostic approaches can identify drug resistance within a few hours, promising new drugs are progressing through the pipeline and into the clinic, and a range of newly developed vaccines are being evaluated. It is an exciting time as the fruits of 30 years of intensive genetic investigation are finally beginning to emerge. Written by leading experts in the field, Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteria, Second Edition, Discusses key areas of current research in mycobacterial genetics Explains the genetics of the physiology, metabolism, and drug sensitivities of M. tuberculosis Presents genetic approaches for manipulating M. tuberculosis This book is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the molecular genetics and molecular biology of mycobacteria.
Mentoring has always been an important factor in life and particularly in academia. In fact, making choices about educational pursuits and subsequent careers without input from mentors can prove disastrous. Fortunately, many individuals have “na- ral” mentors and for them these choices are greatly facilitated. Others are not pri- leged with natural mentors and as such often struggle with making these tough choices. Many times these individuals are from under served and disadvantaged backgrounds, where mentors are too few and far between. For them, deciding on which career path to take can be based not only on insufficient information but oft times on inaccurate information. Although the tips in this monograph are designed for helping all individuals who are interested in pursuing the study of science and science careers, a special mentoring focus is on those students who have not expe- enced the advantages of the privileged class. Additionally, tips are included for those who are interested in effectively mentoring these individuals. How and why a person gets to that point of wanting to mentor is not as important as the fact that they have made that commitment and this monograph will help them do exactly that. When I received my PhD in Reproductive Endocrinology from the University of Wisconsin, I was ready and anxious to discover all kinds of new and exciting aspects about this field of science.
